Content
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COUNCIL ON INTERETHNIC RELATIONS UNDER THE PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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Ryabova E.L., Ternovaya L.O. Cross-border and border roads: intersection of cultures and opportunities or new barriers?
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12
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CURRENT ISSUES OF MODERN SOCIETY
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Ternovaya L.O., Chapkin N.S. Strategic interaction: from game theory to modern international practice
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20
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Gusarova M.N., Avakyan D.H. Higher education in the Russian Federation in the first quarter of the 21st century in the context of the evolution of public administration and digitalization
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31
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Zenina L.V., Strizhova E.V., Lobanova E.I. The problems of creating inclusive online environment for teaching foreign languages
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41
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Khvan D.A. Methodology for the analysis of digital political identity and symbolic representation
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51
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
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Ananchenkova P.I. The concept of a "society of all ages" on the international political agenda
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69
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Baranov A.N. Humanitarian policy as a tool for expanding the international influence of the Republic of Turkey
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78
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Anisimov P.V. Drug prices as a factor in determining strategy in the 2024 US Presidential Election
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85
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Turin E.A., Savinova E.N., Mustafin D.O. The ethnolinguistic factor in the confrontation between Scotland and Great Britain (on the issue of the Scottish political style)
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95
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Suleymanov A.R. Post-soviet Eurasia in the great Eurasian partnership
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110
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Nesterov A.O. Building cross-civilizational partnership of BRICS: analysis of the summits’ declarations
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116
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Baranov A.N. The league of Arab States as an emerging power center in the multipolar world order
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125
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Abstracts
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135
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Authors
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151
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Requirements to materials submitted to the international publishing house "Etnosocium"
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155
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The article examines cross-border and border roads as important elements of the international transport system, performing a dual role - they serve as bridges for economic cooperation, cultural exchange and development of border areas, but at the same time can become barriers due to infrastructural limitations, bureaucratic procedures and political factors. Particular attention is paid to the impact of such roads on intercultural communications, socio-economic development of regions and national security. Examples of large international transport corridors and roads, their importance for integration processes and challenges associated with control and environmental issues are given. The need to develop "smart" borders and cooperation between states to maximize the potential of these infrastructure facilities is noted.
Key words: cross-border roads, border roads, international transport corridors, transport infrastructure, cultural exchange, border regions, economic cooperation, national security, international transport, transport strategy, borders, infrastructure barriers, integration, multimodal technologies, transport ecology.
The article examines the concept of strategic interaction as an important social phenomenon rooted in game theory. The development of this theory from classical models in economics and politics to its application in modern international relations and social practice is analyzed. The authors reveal the features of strategic interaction in a multipolar world, where states, supranational organizations, business and non-governmental structures participate. Particular attention is paid to the influence of strategic interaction on social policy and the protection of vulnerable groups, as well as on the formation of new cooperative and competitive relations between actors. The article also discusses the concept of "toy militarism", which is an expression of a cultural and ideological phenomenon associated with military strategy and game theory. A detailed overview of its key aspects and historical roots is given. Game-theoretic analysis demonstrates the importance of anticipating the strategies of other participants in both international politics and the social sphere. The article serves as a foundation for a deeper understanding of modern challenges in world politics, economics and social protection.
Key words: strategic interaction, game theory, international relations, social policy, cooperation, competition, social protection, multipolar world, rational choice, nuclear deterrence, "toy militarism".
The authors of the article analyze the main directions of reforming the higher education system in the first quarter of the 21st century through the prism of changes that have occurred in the Russian public administration system, globalization and digitalization processes. The most controversial aspects of the transition to a new model of higher education based on the country's withdrawal from the Bologna process and the preservation of the development paradigm that was established back in the 2000s, based on the support of effective universities capable of providing the country with technological sovereignty, are considered.
Key words: public administration, higher education, university, digitalization, globalization, technological leadership.
The article examines the current problems of creating an inclusive online learning environment with an emphasis on teaching foreign languages, analyzes the main barriers and challenges associated with ensuring equal opportunities for students with different educational needs in a virtual environment. The authors provide an overview of the theoretical foundations of inclusive education in the Russian educational context, and provide practical recommendations for creating effective and accessible online platforms designed for teaching foreign languages.
Key words: inclusive education, online environment, foreign language teaching, accessibility, barriers, digital pedagogy.
Currently, stable forms of political identity are being transformed into fragmented and quasi-symbolic images that are instantly reproduced in a digital environment. Their emergence is associated with a change in the nature of public communication — digital platforms are shifting political identity from the sphere of stable social categories to the sphere of iconic images, in which visual codes and distribution algorithms play a crucial role. Digital transformation transforms digital political identity into a special resource of political presence, which is subject to a separate research analysis. The purpose of the study is to propose a methodology for analyzing digital political identity and symbolic representation. Research methods: generalization, synthesis, comparative analysis, theoretical modeling. Results: a) the evolution of political identity as a public designation is considered; b) a cyclical model for the analysis of digital political identity and symbolic representation is proposed, including examples of its use; c) a comparative analysis of analog and digital political identity is carried out; d) the functions of digital identity are presented. The study draws the following significant conclusions: firstly, it has been established that digital political identity is a new type of political presence; secondly, it has been revealed that it is reproduced in the form of ritualized practices and supported by symbolic user engagement; Thirdly, it is shown how the proposed methodology for analyzing digital political identity and symbolic representation makes it possible to identify new forms of political subjectivity that previously went beyond analysis; fourthly, the importance of taking into account the instability of digital images, their dependence on digital platforms and the influence of anonymity for the correct interpretation of modern political processes is substantiated.
Key words: digitalization, digital transformation, political identity, symbolism, representation, political technologies.
In the context of global demographic aging, a new political and managerial paradigmatic approach is being formed - the concept of the "all—age society", aimed at rethinking the role of older people in social, economic and political life. The article examines the normative foundations and strategic guidelines of this concept, analyzes its institutionalization in international and national strategic documents, including the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging, the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the initiatives of the European Union. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms of age mainstreaming and intersectoral cooperation, contributing to the implementation of an inclusive age policy. Using the example of programs implemented in Russia, France, Japan, and Germany, the practices of senior citizens' participation in public life, their employment, and access to medical and educational resources are shown. It is concluded that the formation of a "society of all ages" requires comprehensive institutional adaptation, regulatory support, strategic programming, and recognition of older citizens as active actors in sustainable development.
Key words: population aging, society of all ages, age mainstreaming, inclusion, active longevity, aging policy, Sustainable Development Goals, senior citizens, international age policy, intergenerational solidarity.
This study examines the humanitarian policy of the Republic of Turkey as an instrument for shaping a positive international image and enhancing geopolitical influence amid the transformation toward a multipolar world order. The methodological framework is based on "soft power" concepts and structural-functional analysis of institutional mechanisms of foreign policy. The author analyzes the activities of key actors in Turkish humanitarian diplomacy—the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA) and the Maarif Foundation—which implement comprehensive programs in education, healthcare, and cultural cooperation. Attention is given to analyzing the ideological foundations of the pursued policy, based on concepts of neo-Ottomanism and pan-Turkism, aimed at constructing an alternative cultural identity through the activities of the Organization of Turkic States and its initiatives. Mechanisms of positioning Turkey as a "peacemaker country" are identified. Factors contributing to the success of the Turkish experience in humanitarian diplomacy and its potential applicability for developing Russian foreign policy instruments under new geopolitical conditions are determined.
Key words: humanitarian policy, Turkey, Turkic world, neo-Ottomanism.
The issue of medicine has been one of the most important in the last few elections in the USA, and drug prices are singled out as a separate issue in most sociological surveys that examine topics that are relevant to voters. At the same time, regulation of drug prices remains one of the few topics where the adoption of notable decisions can be presented as a significant achievement in the presidency of the country.
Key words: drugs, science, research, countries, strategy, social research, public opinion.
This article is a continuation of the series of publications devoted to various manifestations of the Scottish political style. In the presented material, the authors consider this issue using the example of the policy implemented by the British and Scottish authorities in relation to traditional Scots languages. At the same time, the article substantiates the idea that the ethnolinguistic factor present in the confrontation between Edinburgh and London is a characteristic example that allows us to identify the presence of features characteristic of the political style of Scotland. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is: comparative ethnopolitical and systemic analysis, as well as a socio-cultural approach. Results: according to the authors, comparing approaches to policy in relation to traditional Scottish languages (especially in relation to Scots), it is obvious that Edinburgh has become more principled in this matter in the last decade, demonstrating an ethnonational Scottish style that is different from the discriminatory political traditions of London; Thanks to the Scottish National Party, the Scottish authorities have stopped distancing themselves from the ethno-linguistic factor, which they began to consider as one of the key factors in the confrontation with London in the struggle of the Scots for national-territorial, state and cultural independence.
Key words: Scotland, Scots, ethno-linguistic factor, interstate conflicts, United Kingdom.
Greater Eurasia, like other macro-regions, is developing in conditions of uncertainty, which are becoming the norm in international relations. States that are interested in long-term development goals are not only adapting to these conditions, but also beginning to promote new formats and mechanisms for cooperation. These include regional economic and currency zones, which will shape the contours of megaregions in the future.
This article analyzes the post-Soviet factor in the construction of the Greater Eurasian Partnership. The author believes that the formation of a regional currency zone in the expanses of post-Soviet Eurasia, which is an element of the Greater Eurasian Partnership, should be based on the principles of good-neighborliness, indivisible security, and common subjectivity in terms of competitive cooperation with other actors.
The reliance on the Eurasian Economic Union as one of the supporting institutions of the Greater Eurasian Partnership is the most justified.
Key words: Greater Eurasian Partnership, Megaregion, Post-Soviet Eurasia, Post-Soviet Space, Regional Currency Zones, Eurasian Economic Union, Convergence, Uncertainty.
The paper is devoted to the study of BRICS as an cross-civilizational grouping based on common values and principles. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the evolution of the BRICS partnership through the summit declarations from 2009 to 2025, to identify the key areas of cooperation and their practical implementation. The methodological basis is based on the analysis of the summits’ declarations, which enables us to trace the dynamics of economic, political, scientific, technological, and cultural cooperation. Special attention is paid to projects that reflect the values of a fair global economy, technological sovereignty, multipolarity, and inclusivity. The results show that BRICS has evolved from declarative statements to the creation of alternative institutions (New Development Bank, Currency Reserve Pool), mechanisms for de-dollarization, and joint technological initiatives (satellite group, artificial intelligence research projects). In politics, the focus has shifted from general support for multipolarityto and the reform of global institutions, to criticism of sanctions and support the global South. Cultural cooperation includes educational, youth and sports projects. The author concludes that BRICS is forming a new model of international relations based on inter-civilizational dialogue. However, a number of issues (disagreements over Ukraine, restrictions on the part of the New Development Bank) require further analysis of the sustainability of the partnership. The prospects for BRICS are related to deepening cooperation and the ability to offer solutions to global problems.
Key words: BRICS, intercivilizational partnership, summit declarations, multipolarity, inclusivity, values.
This article analyzes the role of the League of Arab States (LAS) in the context of forming a new multipolar world order. The research is conducted under the conditions of global international relations system transformation, conditioned by the events of 2022 and the subsequent crisis of the existing "rules-based" world order. The paper examines the evolution of the LAS as the largest macroregional institution in the Middle East, uniting 22 Arab states. Particular attention is paid to analyzing the organization's economic achievements, including the establishment and functioning of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) with a cumulative GDP of over $7.6 trillion, as well as social programs in education and humanitarian assistance. A separate section of the work is devoted to the Russian vector of LAS foreign policy, demonstrating Arab states' aspiration to diversify international partnerships under Western sanctions pressure. The study demonstrates that despite certain limitations in political coordination, the LAS possesses significant potential for enhancing the agency of the "global majority" and can be considered as an important element of the emerging multipolar world architecture. The work contributes to the study of regional institutions' role in international system transformation and fills an existing gap in the analysis of order-forming capabilities of Arab integration associations.
Key words: League of Arab States, multipolar world, regional integration, Russian-Arab relations, international order, macroregional institutions.