Content
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COUNCIL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIP
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Drozdova E.V. Problems of inequality in domestic higher education in modern Russia
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9
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CURRENT PROBLEMS OF MODERN SOCIETY
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Lezina O.V., Ternovaya L.O. Universities and philanthropists
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20
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Karatueva E.N. Methodological foundations of mechanisms for the development of organizational competence of local government officials
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29
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SOCIOLOGY
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Ignatov M.A., Demenko I.A., Gladkova I.A. Trajectories of use of network resources of communication practices of students on the internet
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38
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Berlizov A.A. Communication in the structure of management activities
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50
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
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Omirzakova D.D. Multicultural society as a basis for interethnic interaction
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59
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Tambi S.A. Pan-European Movement and Estonia. Part 2. Relations in the Modern Era and the Position of the Estonian Euroskeptics
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65
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Zhao Ziyi The use of elements of traditional Chinese architecture in Russia and in Western countries
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85
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Zou Boyu Current trends in contemporary Chinese art
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89
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Xu Yujia About some nuances in the education system of China
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94
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Liu Yuxi Comparison of Chinese and Russian works of art from the 1960s-1970s cities
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98
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Li Lin Chinese culture in modern Saint Petersburg
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102
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Li Yi'nuo Concepts GOOD and EVIL in Russian and Chinese folk tales
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107
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Wang Wen Fei Chinese contemporary art through the prism of the global artistic process
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112
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Wang Qishen Psychological contradictions in artistic creativity Pablo Picasso
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116
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Wang Yuexin Features of education in China
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120
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Volkova N.P., Volkova A.A. «Dancing on the volcano»: F. Ebert's policy of compromise as a tool for strengthening the Weimar Republic
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126
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REVIEW
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Biryukov S.V. Experience and prospects of Russian parliamentarism (Article-Review of the monograph by A.S. Makhmudov)
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135
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Abstracts
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144
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Authors
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155
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Requirements to materials submitted to the international publishing house "Etnosocium"
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159
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The purpose of this work is to analyze the accessibility of higher education in Russia, as well as the factors determining the problem of inequality in the domestic higher education. The author identifies differences in the opportunities for obtaining higher education, on the basis of which the main factors of differentiation of the availability of domestic higher education are determined: financial, social, territorial, academic, digital, political. The study actualizes the problem of accessibility of higher education should not be interpreted only as an opportunity to study at a higher school for representatives of all social groups. The State educational policy in the field of higher education should be based on the totality of differences in providing equal access to the desired higher education for all citizens of a democratic society.
Keywords: educational policy, accessibility of higher education, educational opportunities, social inequality, digital inequality, regional heterogeneity of universities, differentiation of universities, political barriers.
The article deals with the directions and forms of providing charitable assistance to universities. The mechanisms of work of university endowments are analyzed. The reasons for charitable activities of owners of large fortunes are highlighted. The vectors of financing of university programs from well-known foundations are shown. Particular attention is paid to the national history of charitable actions aimed at supporting higher education.
Keywords: education, university, charity, private patronage, endowment.
At the present stage, the improvement of professional competencies of local government officials is acquiring special theoretical and socio-practical significance. At the same time, the organizational competence of MS officials has an undoubted impact on the effectiveness of their management activities, contributes to the high-quality performance of tasks at the local level. The article reveals the methodological foundations of mechanisms for the development of organizational competence of local government officials, which is a component of their professional (managerial) competence. It is concluded that the possession of organizational competence by local government officials contributes to a rapid transition to management through the development of strategies, the formation of long-term goals of economic growth at the local level with the parallel solution of current problems of local development; the application of a systematic approach to the identification of problems, the formation of tasks that must be solved on the spot; the attraction and optimal use of resources (primarily local); the growth of the responsibility of local authorities for the development of the municipality.
Keywords: organizational competence, organizational activity, local government, officials.
The use of social networks as forms of communicative practices of student youth is due to the general informatization of society and the progressive development of the virtual space. Based on the research data, the authors of this article identified the priorities for choosing social networks for student youth, determined the duration of students' stay in social networks, and also analyzed the forms of students' leisure activities in real life (offline).
Keywords: social networks, Internet, virtual space, student youth, communication practices.
Communication occupies an important place in the structure of management activities. Half of managerial roles, according to experts, are directly related to the performance of communication functions. Three groups of communicators are distinguished: for ordinary employees - the population, colleagues, management, for managers - the population, business partners, subordinates. A three-point scale was proposed for responses: constantly, periodically, rarely.
Keywords: managerial activity, communication, municipal employees, communication functions, local population, management, business partners, communicators, colleagues, communication parameters, communication barriers.
This article is devoted to the analysis of the multicultural basis of the Kazakh society. In the global space, two models of a multicultural society have been formed - the first model with certain contradictions on an interethnic basis on the example of some developed countries, in which multiculturalism was formed on the basis of a large number of immigrants, and the second model of successful interaction on an interethnic basis with a natural need for acculturation on the example of our country.
The article defines the concept of "multiculturalism". According to the authors, this is mainly a multicultural philosophy aimed at preserving and developing the religious, cultural, and racial characteristics of citizens of various ethnic groups. In addition, it is noted that multiculturalism contributes to the development of Kazakhstani society. The analysis of the theoretical foundations of the postmodern paradigm of this concept is carried out, and its definitions and main characteristics are philosophically explained.
Keywords: Multiculturalism, interethnic, Kazakh culture, spiritual and humane.
This paper, using the example of the current relationship between Estonia and the oldest European movement for the unification of Europe – the Pan-European Union – tells about the high use of Pan-European potential capacity by Estonia after the collapse of the USSR (including the establishment of strong ties with the International Pan-European Union) in the implementation of its aspirations to become a member state of the European Union. The paper shows the continuation of using of this Pan-European resource by Estonians after Estonia joined the EU, as а confirmation of the correctness of the chosen European path. The attitude of modern Estonian Euroskeptics towards the Pan-European project is also given.
Keywords: integration, Euroscepticism, Pan-Europeanism, politics, Estonia, Pan-Europe.
The article discusses the cultural and historical prerequisites for the emergence of Chinese images in Russian architectural art, and also displays the Chinese style in the architectural art of some buildings in Russia with historical materials and paintings. The author compares the Chinese style in Russian architecture and the traditional style in Chinese architecture, explores the differences between them and analyzes the reasons for these differences. The study conducted in this article will enrich the content of Chinese and Russian architectural art, culture and history of aesthetics. It will also benefit the strengthening of cooperation and friendly contacts between China and Russia.
Keywords: architecture, construction, China, Russia, history, international relations.
The author is convinced that contemporary Chinese art cannot be described as an exclusively historical craft. The liberation of art from the dissemination of humanistic and metaphysical values in favor of a shift to the sphere of consumption shows its strong revaluation in society. Such a transformation consists not only in separating art from politics, but also in giving it the status of a "game", which makes art even more belonging to postmodern convention.
Keywords: art, modernism, China, works of art, cinema.
The Chinese educational system is a combination and unity of educational institutions and educational norms. The main responsibilities of the Ministry of Education of China are the management of national educational work, the preparation of general plans, the coordination and management of the educational business of the whole country. This article aims to introduce the Chinese education system, as well as list a number of its advantages and disadvantages.
Keywords: Chinese educational system, analysis of educational processes, assessment system, educational standards.
In 1942, Mao Zedong declared that all art and literature should serve politics first and culture second. This policy was implemented for almost four decades, most severely during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). During that period, the appearance of individual expression in works of art was not encouraged and condemned. Film, theater and musical performances were limited to a few "exemplary" productions imposed by Mao's wife Jiang Qing. Paintings and calligraphy were mostly created collectively or anonymously. Visual images of the leader and his state propaganda appeared everywhere - both on large posters and on everyday items. Sources for the images included both traditional Chinese compositions and Soviet socialist motifs.
Keywords: China, artistic revolution, socialism, art.
St. Petersburg is the northern capital of our Motherland, one of its largest centers. The opening of a seaport in the city attracted a large number of foreign ships to its shores, each of which carried its own culture and traditions. In view of the active relations between Russia and China at the present time, the study of the origins of the emergence of Chinese culture and its development to this day does not lose its relevance. In the article, the author identifies 4 stages in the history of the development of Chinese culture in St. Petersburg from the 18th century to the present, their main features are highlighted.
Keywords: Chinese culture, China, chinoiserie, nobility, architecture, theatrical art.
GOOD and EVIL are the key concepts in any culture, because they reflect the national thinking concerning the problem of a person's moral choice. This article reveals the peculiarities of the representation of the concepts GOOD and EVIL in Russian and Chinese folk tales. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that, despite the common approaches to the idea of good and evil in the Chinese and Russian worldviews, the concepts GOOD and EVIL have their own national specific features in each of them.
Keywords: worldview, concept, linguoculture, folk tale, mentality.
At the turn of the 1970s and 1980s, an important social transformation took place in China, which, among other things, manifested itself in the rejection of revolutionary aesthetics both in art and in everyday life. As a result, one can observe the emergence of a new, pluralistic culture, which today, as it were, combines an unfinished modernist project with postmodernity. The mutual determination of these two factors is also an important aspect of the ongoing Chinese globalization in the field of culture, where the global is modified by the local. This article describes the relationship between these two factors in the field of contemporary Chinese art.
Keywords: art, Chinese culture, global artistic process, modernization.
The article is devoted to the problem of psychological contradictions in the artistic work of Pablo Picasso. The psychological complexity and inconsistency of the artistic creativity of Pablo Picasso is shown. The artist's works have absorbed a variety of artistic genres of neoclassicism, fauvism, cubism, surrealism and symbolism. The psychological contradictions of the artist's inner life are reflected in a variety of artistic images that differ at different stages of his life. The analysis of the artist's self-portraits and female images is carried out as a demonstration of the psychological contradictions of his inner life.
Keywords: artistic creativity, Pablo Picasso, psychological contradictions, impressionism, cubism, artistic images.
Education in China is one of the most developed and important sectors of the country's economy. The education system includes kindergarten, primary school, secondary school, higher education and postgraduate education. The decisive proposals and actions of the last President of the People's Republic of China were aimed at raising the level of science and education, placing them at a higher level of strategic and priority development of the country. The leadership of the People's Republic of China is confident that it is the need to constantly improve the quality and level of education and stimulate its development that will affect the general well-being of all residents of China in the very near future. Education in China has its own characteristics that distinguish it from education in other countries, the author considers the main ones in the article.
Keywords: education, science, education, youth, Cultural revolution, kindergarten, school.
The article analyzes the political decisions of the first Reich Chancellor and Reichspresident of the Weimar Republic Friedrich Ebert. At the center of the study is his policy of compromise, which has stabilized the political situation in the country. The authors determine the methods used by the politician to overcome the political crisis and establish democratic foundations in the conditions of defeat in the First World War, revolution and the rise of communist and nationalist threats. They research the successes and difficulties of implementing the compromise policy and entering into alliances with political actors whose views sometimes contradicted the beliefs of the Reich president himself. Among them is a compromise, on the one hand, with the opposition parties in order to create a strong government, and, on the other hand, with the military elite and trade unions to suppress mass strikes.
Keywords: Friedrich Ebert, compromise policy, Weimar Republic, Social Democratic Party, democracy.
Parliamentarism is a complex and multifaceted concept that characterizes a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is constantly adapting to changing reality. In addition to the institutional ones themselves, its socio-cultural and socio-political foundations are of great importance, related to the changing attitude of society to this phenomenon (implying an attitude to parliamentarism as a value and to parliamentarism as a means). The ability of parliamentary institutions to adequately respond to the changing demands of society and its political system is the key to their relevance and capacity in the conditions of modern transformations. In such a situation, studies characterizing the state and possibilities of parliamentarism at the present stage, including the monograph of A.S. Makhmudov reviewed by the author, are of particular importance.
Keywords: parliamentarism, democracy, separation of powers, representative government, rule of law, political culture.